{"id":16,"date":"2022-07-14T17:42:49","date_gmt":"2022-07-14T17:42:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/?page_id=16"},"modified":"2024-11-18T10:00:44","modified_gmt":"2024-11-18T15:00:44","slug":"past-research","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/past-research\/","title":{"rendered":"Past Research"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Adult Worldview Study (2020)<\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A worldview is a set of core beliefs about the nature of the universe and humanity, one\u2019s place in the universe and in their social context, and how one should live their life (Kearney, 1984; Nilsson, 2014). Very little is known about the development of worldviews and how worldview beliefs, values, and attitudes are organized into a single worldview. One challenge to conducting such research is the lack of an agreed-upon definition of worldviews and corresponding worldview questionnaire. So, this research sought to develop a comprehensive worldview questionnaire.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:720,&quot;335559738&quot;:180,&quot;335559739&quot;:180,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">To create this new worldview questionnaire, we combined five existing worldview questionnaires (totaling 160 questions) and administered them to undergraduate students. Using factor analyses, we were able to identify the weakest questions and reduced the combined worldview questionnaire to 77 questions. We then administered the 77 questions to a new, larger group of 772 adult participants that we recruited online. This time, we used factor analyses to reduce the questions down to 41. These analyses also revealed that participants\u2019 worldviews consisted of five major components:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-171 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/files\/2023\/03\/Byrrn-2-300x171.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"474\" height=\"270\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/files\/2023\/03\/Byrrn-2-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/files\/2023\/03\/Byrrn-2-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/files\/2023\/03\/Byrrn-2.jpg 994w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This new comprehensive worldview questionnaire, the Unified Worldview Measure (UWM) was then used as the basis for the first child-friendly worldview questionnaire, the Unified Worldview Measure \u2013 Child Form (UWM-CF). See below for a summary of that research.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:720,&quot;335559738&quot;:180,&quot;335559739&quot;:180,&quot;335559740&quot;:276}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Child Worldview Study (2020)<\/h2>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">A person\u2019s worldview is related to their mental health, levels of prejudice, and many other important factors. However, we still don\u2019t know much about how we form our worldviews. In this research, we created the first child-friendly worldview questionnaire and gave it to 83 children ages 7-9 years old and 249 adults, including 44 parents of th<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">e participating children. Once the responses of the children and adults were collected and analyzed, we found that there are four main components of adults&#8217; worldviews and three main components of children&#8217;s worldviews (<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">see the diagram below<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-136 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/files\/2022\/11\/World-Views-300x168.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"583\" height=\"326\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/files\/2022\/11\/World-Views-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/files\/2022\/11\/World-Views.png 577w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 583px) 100vw, 583px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Here are some of the results from the study:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Children and their parents were most similar in their religious beliefs and their belief in self-reliance (e.g., \u201cAnyone who really wants to work can get a job.\u201d)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Christians and their children scored lower on secularism, higher on self-reliance, and higher on determinism (e.g., \u201cPeople are taught\/think that they can make their own choices, but really they can\u2019t.\u201d)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">For our child participants, boys agreed more than girls with the statement &#8220;every person can do good things&#8221;<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">However, for our adult participants, women agreed more than men with the statement &#8220;every person can do good things&#8221; and other statements under Humanism &amp; Harmony. Men scored higher than women on self-reliance and determinism and mechanism.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In an effort to strengthen the UWM-CF, an updated version of the measure was created by removing weak items and adding new items about worldview beliefs previously not measured in the UWM-CF (e.g., whether people can fundamentally change who they are). The updated UWM-CF was administered to 523 adults ages 19 to 83 to explore the validity of the updated child-friendly measure and relationships among participants\u2019 worldviews and demographic factors. The results of this study were presented at the 2023 NH-INBRE conference. Six main components of adults\u2019 worldviews were found (<em>see the diagram below<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-192 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/files\/2023\/12\/Picture99-279x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"361\" height=\"388\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/files\/2023\/12\/Picture99-279x300.jpg 279w, https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/files\/2023\/12\/Picture99.jpg 390w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 361px) 100vw, 361px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Here are some additional results from the study:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>More conservative\/Republican participants scored higher on questions relating to Spirituality and Anthropocentrism, and to a lesser degree, Self-Reliance and Pessimistic View of Humanity.<\/li>\n<li>Male participants seem to agree more with the scientific, Anthropocentrism, and Self-Reliance questions when compared to females.<\/li>\n<li>Female participants seem to agree more with Spirituality questions compared to male and nonbinary participants.<\/li>\n<li>Individuals who identified as religious (e.g., Christian, Jewish, Muslim, etc.) were significantly higher Spirituality and Anthropocentrism questions than non-religious participants.<\/li>\n<li>Individuals who scored higher on Determinism showed more Anthropocentric beliefs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The results of this study could indicate demographic trends in individual beliefs and how worldviews may develop. Our future goals are to<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Add new items to Pessimistic View of Humanity and Anthropocentrism,<\/li>\n<li>Obtain a more diverse sample<\/li>\n<li>Test the effectiveness of the UWM-CF on kids and teens<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The UWM-CF is currently being administered to kids and teens to assess the validity of the measure on this population. if you are interested in helping us with this research, check out the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/participate\/\">Participate in Research<\/a>\u201d page.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Adult Worldview Study (2024)<\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">There is limited data on how worldviews develop. The Unified Worldview Measure\u2013Child Form (UWM-CF) was made to address this gap. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">Seven hundred and fifty-nine participants across the United States aged 19 to 83 were administered the 33-item UWM-CF as an online survey<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">The items <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">formed<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\"> six <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">categorie<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">s<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">, which were labeled as <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">Spirituality<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">, Self-Reliance, Determinism, Benevolence and Optimism, Pessimistic View of Humanity, and Anthropocentrism.<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">Participants were categorized into<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\"> four<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">distinct worldview profiles<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">, each with differing scores on the worldview <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">items<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">.<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">Analyses on gender found that <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">women<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\"> score higher on Spirituality<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">,<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\"> and <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">men<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\"> score higher <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">o<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">n Anthropocentrism.<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\"> A correlation on age found that older participants score lower on Determinism and Pessimistic View of Humanity and score higher on Anthropocentrism.<\/span> <\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"auto\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">Next steps for this research involve testing this measure on children and teens <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">to <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">compare it<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\"> to the adult <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">sample <\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">and adding items to improve internal reliability of several factors<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW182061439 BCX4\">.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXW182061439 BCX4\" data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Adult Worldview Study (2020) A worldview is a set of core beliefs about the nature of the universe and humanity, one\u2019s place in the universe and in their social context, and how one should live their life (Kearney, 1984; Nilsson, 2014). Very little is known about the development of worldviews and how worldview beliefs, values, and attitudes are organized into a single worldview. One challenge to conducting such research is the lack of an agreed-upon definition of worldviews and corresponding worldview questionnaire. So, this research sought to develop a comprehensive worldview questionnaire.\u00a0 To create this new worldview questionnaire, we combined&#8230; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":277,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"class_list":["post-16","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/277"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":202,"href":"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16\/revisions\/202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.keene.edu\/bigbeliefs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}